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	<title>OHeHLium liang~ &#187; health</title>
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	<pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2008 00:51:52 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>退化性关节炎</title>
		<link>http://www.ohehlium.com/log/2006/08/31/%e9%80%80%e5%8c%96%e6%80%a7%e5%85%b3%e8%8a%82%e7%82%8e/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 01 Sep 2006 03:41:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>liang</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[health]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[退化性关节炎，这个病似乎有好多名字，也叫骨关节炎、退行性关节炎。据说此病极为普遍，女性多于男性。普遍该是真的，我爸爸和丈人都已患了这个病，至于后一点，倒是希望就别体现出来了。由于是膝关节的炎症，运动会引起不小的疼痛，但一番搜索之后，发现运动还是有益的。下面是一个很不错的来自香港卫生署中央健康教育组的总结：
资料来源： American Geriatrics Society                Panel on Exercise and Osteoarthritis. (Jun 2001).  Exercise                prescription for older adults with osteoarthritis pain: consensus     [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>退化性关节炎，这个病似乎有好多名字，也叫骨关节炎、退行性关节炎。据说此病极为普遍，女性多于男性。普遍该是真的，我爸爸和丈人都已患了这个病，至于后一点，倒是希望就别体现出来了。由于是膝关节的炎症，运动会引起不小的疼痛，但一番搜索之后，发现运动还是有益的。下面是一个很不错的来自<a title="运动处方" href="http://exerciserx.cheu.gov.hk/text/gb/index.asp?n=sec2_osteoarthritis">香港卫生署中央健康教育组</a>的总结：</p>
<p class="chiText">资料来源： American Geriatrics Society                Panel on Exercise and Osteoarthritis. (Jun 2001).  Exercise                prescription for older adults with osteoarthritis pain: consensus                practice recommendations.  A supplement to the AGS Clinical                Practice Guidelines on the management of chronic pain in older adults.                <em> J Am Geriatr Soc</em> , 49(6),808-23.</p>
<p><font class="chiSubHeader">运动处方方案</font></p>
<p><a name="t218"></a>表2.18 退化性关节炎病人的运动处方方案<sup>1</sup><sup>6</sup></p>
<p><a name="t218"></a></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" class="event-table">
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 90px"><strong>基本作用</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" colspan="5" style="width: 500px">舒缓痛楚，改善体适能，从而改善病人生活质素</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" rowspan="2" style="width: 90px"><strong>运动模式</strong></td>
<td valign="top" align="center" class="table-data" colspan="2" style="width: 200px">伸展运动</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" class="table-data" colspan="2" style="width: 200px">锻炼肌力运动</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" rowspan="2" style="width: 90px">带氧运动</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" align="center" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">初步</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">终极</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">等长</td>
<td valign="top" align="center" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">等张</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 90px"><strong>运动强度</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">将肌肉伸展至感到有阻力</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">拉至最尽</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">低／中等</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">低／中等</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 96px">低／中等</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 90px"><strong>运动所需时间</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">每个重点<a href="http://exerciserx.cheu.gov.hk/text/gb/index.asp?n=sec2_osteoarthritis#t219">肌群</a> 1次, 维持姿势5-15秒</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">每个重点<a href="http://exerciserx.cheu.gov.hk/text/gb/index.asp?n=sec2_osteoarthritis#t219">肌群</a>3-5次, 维持姿势20-30秒</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">1-10次最大程度以下的收缩，保持姿势＜6秒，每次收缩相隔20秒休息</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">重复6-15次</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 96px">每天20-30分钟</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 90px"><strong>运动次数</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">每天1次</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">每周3-5次</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">每天</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">每周2-3次</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 96px">每周3-4次</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 90px"><strong>特别考虑</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" colspan="2" style="width: 200px">
<ul>
<li>当痛楚及僵硬程度较少时，每天进行运动</li>
<li>运动前可进行暖水淋浴或外敷湿暖物</li>
<li>要避免痛楚，或当关节出现发炎时，应该调整伸展动作（减少关节移动幅度或维持动作的时间）</li>
<li>常於热身期或与其他肌力锻炼或有氧运动一同进行</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 90px">
<ul>
<li>於急性期内适用</li>
<li>收缩 > 10秒会增加血压</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 100px">
<ul>
<li>於慢性期适用</li>
<li>避免肌肉疲劳</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 96px">
<ul>
<li>水中运动是很好的选择</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 90px"><strong>运动进度</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" colspan="5" style="width: 500px">视乎个人对运动的反应而定，大部分年长关节炎患者的生理功能较弱，要改变运动强度、进行时间或次数，可於运动计划开始后2-3个月内进行</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><a name="t218"></a><a name="t219"></a>表2.19 伸展及锻炼肌力运动所针对的重点肌群<sup>16</sup></p>
<p><a name="t219"></a></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" class="event-table">
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>身体部分</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 396px"><strong>重点肌群</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>头颈</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">伸肌及屈肌</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>肩</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">前屈、伸展、外展及内收<br />
内外转肌<br />
肩胛牵缩肌及降肌</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>肘</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">伸肌及屈肌</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>前臂及手腕</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">旋前肌及旋后肌<br />
手腕伸展及屈肌</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>手</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">手指屈肌及伸肌<br />
拇指内收肌及外展肌</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>躯干及腰背</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">前屈及伸展<br />
侧弯及旋转</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>臀</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">前屈及伸展<br />
外展及内收<br />
外转及内转</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>膝盖</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">伸肌及屈肌</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="table-header_tc" style="width: 132px"><strong>足踝及足</strong></td>
<td valign="top" class="table-data" style="width: 396px">内翻肌及外翻肌<br />
趾屈肌及伸肌</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><a name="t219"></a></p>
<p class="chiText"><a name="t219"></a>资料来源：  American Geriatrics Society Panel on Exercise and Osteoarthritis. (Jun 2001).  Exercise prescription for older adults with osteoarthritis pain: consensus practice recommendations.  A supplement to the AGS Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of chronic pain in older adults. <em> J Am Geriatr Soc</em> , 49(6),808-23.</p>
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